Udienza 14.10.2020 – second hearing in the criminal trial after the Covid-19 stop

The Bitonto bunker hall courtroom in session

__________ENGLISH ___________

On 14.10.2020 in front of the Criminal Court of Bari in Collegial composition, chaired by Dr. Guida, was held the second hearing in the criminal trial for the disaster in the Norman Atlantic fire, which occurred in international waters in December 2014 between Italy and Greece.

In order to guarantee the social distancing between the parties due to the Covid-19 restrictions, the hearing was held as always in the Bitonto bunker hall, but distributing the judges, prosecutors, defenders of the accused and civil party lawyers, in three different rooms in the building, video connected to each other, and everything was done efficiently and well organized.

Our legal team, representing a large number of ferry passengers and relatives of victims and missing persons, participated from the very early stages at the criminal proceedings, having already constituted the clients as an offended party in the investigation and in the evidentiary incident, i.e. during the long phase of the preliminary assessment carried out by the court onboard the Norman Atlantic wreck by request of Bari public prosecutor’s office, then formally constituting ourselves as a civil party at the preliminary hearing on behalf of all our clients, proposing compensation requests to the court there, by transferring the action that we had already proposed to the civil court within two years of the accident.

The preliminary hearing phase ended positively with the indictment of all the defendants, and we therefore moved on to the opening phase of the actual trial, slowed down in February last year and then suspended due to the Covid-19 epidemic which also affected all procedural and judicial activities, but finally at this hearing we resumed activities by addressing the first formal issues, which essentially concerned the preliminary objections raised by the defendants against our appearance in court and participation in the trial as civil parties, and the request for expulsion proposed by the 4 companies that we have called for damages in their quality for civil liability, in this case Visemar transport, Visemar of navigation, Visentini shipyards and, of course, the Greek carrier ANEK SA.

These requests, based on the alleged application of EC Regulation 392 and of the Athens Convention and of the short two-year forfeiture period envisaged therein, as a restriction on the criminal laws and on the normal limitation and forfeiture periods, are already been proposed in front of the Judge of the hearing preliminary, and rejected by this with a very articulated ordinance, which clarified how the scope of application of the European regulation cannot in any way entail a compression of the constitutional rights of the injured party, limiting the possibility of appear, restricted on excessively narrow and rigorous terms, as a civil party affecting the right to participate in the criminal trial, and file for compensation for all damages suffered.

The court allowed all the defendants lawyers and civil liability companies to illustrate their objections and various requests, and then gave the turn to the Public Prosecutor, who laudably supported the offended parties and argued widely in favor of their legitimate right to participate in this trial, to then allow a round of replies to the civil parties lawyers.

From our side, we insisted on the rejection of all requests proposed by the defendants’ lawyers, arguing in a synthetic but very direct way on the various specific objections raised against us, in the certainty that once again, as already happened in the civil trial and then in the preliminary stage of this criminal trial, all matters will be rejected by the court in a favorable sense for passengers.

At the end of the hearing, which was closed around 3.00 pm, the court reserved the right to decide by order at the next hearing on the issues relating to the constitutions of civil parties, postponing for the continuation to 11th of November 2020, to address the other preliminary issues that as expected will concern the exceptions of territorial jurisdiction, and those concerning the cd. bis in idem and the conflict of jurisdiction between the Italian criminal trial and the one that is taking place in Greece.

In this regard, we are also following in parallel what happens in the Greek criminal trial, and we reserve the right to deal with the issues when they will be raised by the defendants, anticipating however that we believe that the problem of the overlap between the two judgments does not exist, having also been this question addressed, and positively resolved in favor of the jurisdiction of the Italian judges, by the GIP dott. Agnino during the preliminary hearing that ended last year.

Starting from the next hearing, the real indictment process will begin, establishing a schedule that will finally give a decisive acceleration to the trial, starting with the depositions of witnesses and consultants of the public prosecution office.

______________ ITALIANO ____________

Il 14.10.2020 innanzi al tribunale penale di Bari in composizione Collegiale, presieduto dal Dott. Guida, si è celebrata la seconda udienza nel processo penale dibattimentale per il disastro nell’incendio del Norman Atlantic, avvenuto in acque internazionali nel dicembre 2014 tra Italia e Grecia.

Al fine di garantire il distanziamento sociale tra le parti per via delle restrizioni Covid-19, l’udienza si è svolta sempre nell’aula bunker di Bitonto, ma distribuendo i giudici, pubblici ministeri, difensori degli imputati ed avvocati di parte civile, in tre diverse aule dell’edificio videocollegate tra esse, e tutto si è svolto in modo efficiente e ben organizzato.

Il nostro team legale, in rappresentanza di un largo numero di passeggeri del traghetto e di familiari di vittime e dispersi, ha partecipato sin dalle primissime fasi al procedimento penale, essendoci costituiti come parte offesa già nelle indagini e nell’incidente probatorio, ossia durante la lunga fase della perizia preliminare svolta dal tribunale a bordo del relitto su richiesta dell’ufficio della Procura di Bari, costituendoci poi formalmente come parte civile alla udienza preliminare per conto di tutti i nostri assistiti, proponendo in quella sede le richieste risarcitorie al tribunale, e trasferendo in sede penale l’azione che avevamo già proposto in sede civile entro il biennio dall’incidente.

La fase della udienza preliminare si è chiusa positivamente con il rinvio a giudizio di tutti gli imputati, e siamo dunque passati nella fase di apertura del processo vero e proprio, rallentato a febbraio dell’anno scorso e poi sospeso a causa dell’epidemia Covid-19 che ha interessato anche l’attività processuale e giudiziaria, ma finalmente alla udienza di oggi abbiamo ripreso le attività affrontando le prime questioni formali, che riguardano essenzialmente le eccezioni preliminari sollevate dai difensori degli imputati nei confronti della nostra costituzione in giudizio e partecipazione al processo come parti civili, e la richiesta di estromissione proposto dalle 4 società che abbiamo chiamato a rispondere dei danni nella loro qualità di responsabili civili, nella fattispecie Visemar trasporti, Visemar di navigazione, cantieri navali Visentini e, ovviamente, il vettore greco ANEK SA. Tali richieste, fondate sulla pretesa applicazione del regolamento CE 392 e della convenzione di Atene e del termine breve di decadenza biennale ivi previsto in prevalenza sulle norme penali e sui normali termini di prescrizione e di decadenza, sono state già proposte davanti al Giudice dell’udienza preliminare, e da questo rigettate con una ordinanza molto articolata, che ha chiarito quanto l’ambito di applicazione del regolamento europeo non possa in alcun modo comportare una compressione dei diritti costituzionali della parte offesa, limitandone in un termine eccessivamente ristretto e rigoroso la possibilità di costituirsi come parte civile e il diritto di partecipare al processo penale, chiedendo in quella sede il risarcimento di tutti i danni subiti.

Il tribunale ha consentito a tutti i difensori degli imputati e delle società responsabili civili di illustrare le loro eccezioni e le varie richieste, per poi dare la parola al Pubblico Ministero, che ha lodevolmente sostenuto le parti offese e argomentato ampiamente a favore del loro legittimo diritto a partecipare a questo processo, per poi consentire un giro di repliche alle parti civili.

Da parte nostra abbiamo insistito per il rigetto di tutte richieste riproposte dalle difese degli imputati argomentando in modo sintetico, ma molto diretto, sulle varie specifiche eccezioni sollevate nei nostri confronti, nella certezza che ancora una volta, come già avvenuto in sede civile e poi nella fase preliminare di questo processo penale, tutte le questioni vengano superate dal tribunale in senso favorevole ai passeggeri.

Il tribunale al termine della udienza, che è stata chiusa verso le ore 15,00, si è riservato di decidere con ordinanza alla prossima udienza sulle questioni inerenti le costituzioni di parte civile, rinviando per il prosieguo al giorno 11 novembre 2020, per affrontare le altre questioni preliminari che si prevedono riguarderanno le eccezioni di competenza territoriale, e quelle riguardanti il cd. bis in idem ed il conflitto di giurisdizione tra processo penale italiano e quello che si sta celebrando in Grecia.

A questo proposito stiamo seguendo parallelamente anche quanto avviene nel processo penale greco, ed ci riserviamo di trattare le questioni nel momento in cui verranno eccepite dai difensori degli imputati, anticipando tuttavia che riteniamo insussistente il problema della sovrapposizione tra i due giudizi, essendo stata peraltro anche tale questione affrontata, e risolta positivamente, a favore della giurisdizione dei giudici italiani, dal GIP dott. Agnino durante l’udienza preliminare terminata l’anno scorso.

A partire dalla udienza successiva si entrerà nel vivo del processo, stabilendo un calendario che darà finalmente una decisiva accelerazione al processo, dando il via alle deposizioni di testi e consulenti della pubblica accusa.

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PLAY AUDIO

Estratto audio della udienza, replica alle eccezioni delle difese degli imputati sulle costituzioni di parte civile

Documento Newspaper on our client’s testimonies

An article from Documento newspaper in Greece, recently took into account our legal Team collegue Mr. Kriton Metaxopoulos and some of our client’s interview.

Numerous faults, omissions and violations of basic safety rules are detected in the report on the causes of the tragedy of the Norman Atlantic shipwreck from the experts appointed by the Italian Justice which is currently displayed in «Documento» newspaper. At the same time, people who experienced the events of December 28^th 2014, talk to «Documento» newspaper and describe the dramatic moments they experienced in the Adriatic, where they literally faced death.

The appointed experts reported that the ship was overloaded with vehicles and especially refrigerator trucks. The results showed that the on board vehicles were more than the available sockets. In this context, many refrigerator trucks had their engines working while the ship was on board. Furthermore, the experts concluded that the fire caused by a vehicle engine/machine, a fact that may be related to the operation of the engines the on board refrigerator trucks. It is mentioned that the inadequacy of the available sockets on the ship compared with the number of refrigerator trucks became subject of the debate among captain Argillio Giaromazzi, ship-owner Argillio Giaromazzi and representative of ANEK, few hours before the fatal incident.  It is also noted that due to overload of the ship, the vehicles in parking lots were almost stuck with each other.

According to the appointed experts, the construction of the ship, the arrangement of its inner spaces and the time required for the activation of the ship’s fire-alarm system were the basic factors that the fire impossible to be extinguished on time.

Mr. Kriton Metaxopoulos, the lawyer who represents families of victims of the Norman Atlantic shipwreck along with Italian lawyers, mentioned in Documento newspaper the following: ‘’The facts resulted from questioning procedure until today and basically the experts’ findings confirm all the allegations and arguments of both families of the victims and tragedy survivors. In any case, according to my opinion, there is no doubt about the civil and criminal liability of the defendants’’.

Survivors’ Testimonies

• Mr. Ioannis Vassalos (passenger): ‘’There was no plan and the crew was not on its duty positions.  The situation was out of control.’’
• Mr. Olivier Coissard (French passenger): ‘’There were such high temperatures that our shoes melted and our bags got burnt.’’
• Mr. Evangelos Tsoukis (passenger): ‘’Every one of us acted spontaneously. […] There was no coordinated action or any information by the crew…’’
• Mr. Leonidas Konstantinidis (truck driver): ‘’We were trapped and fire was getting closer to us. The only option seemed to be the sea’’.

Two years from the Norman Atlantic tragedy – Due anni dalla tragedia Norman Atlantic

Exactly two years ago, on December the 28^th 2014, the NORMAN ATLANTIC ferry, property of the Italian shipowner VISEMAR and rented by the Greek company ANEK LINES, departed from Greece and directed to Ancona, caught fire in the middle of the night off the Albanian coast, and in short time went drifting off the Adriatic sea, in a storm of six meters waves and force 8 wind, with almost 500 people on board and overrun with cars, trucks and Tir carrying goods from Greece to Italy, especially olive oil, which would then fuel the flames for days. The origins of the fire are still under investigation, via a procedure of recording evidence that, as required by the Public Prosecutor of Bari, will have to verify not only the evolution of the shipping incident, but also, and above all, the possible Crew responsibilities in emergency management on board, and the companies ones for malfunctions, as it seemed clear from the start, that the latter turned the fire – started from the deck 4 of the ship, in a real holocaust for dozens of people, 10 dead and over 19 missing, imprisoning the rest of the survivors on the top and outside deck of the ship, drifting inexorably and internally devoured by flames, and to be recovered only by helicopter and transferred one by one. A difficult rescue operation because of adverse weather and sea conditions, and that, despite having involved over 20 merchant and naval ships of different nationalities and several rescue helicopters, lasted for more than two days – an infinite time for those caught between the grip of toxic smokes, flames, incandescent floors and the icy cold of the water jets – sprayed continuously by emergency ships. The very few who managed to take their seats on lifeboats or reach the floating boat dropped overboard, lived an experience of terror and horror, even worse than those who remained trapped on the burning ferry.

No fire alarm was issued, no warning from the crew, and the passengers awoke at night between coulters of smoke and panic scenes. A panic which released – in many – the worst in human race. The first to abandon ship were some of the crew, dropping quickly the only usable lifeboat, with just a third of its precious capacity of persons. During the retrieve of the passengers using the baskets lowered from helicopters, others have literally attacked the rescuers, with bites and punches, just to be saved first, others refused to leave priority to women and children. Some people threw himself into the water to escape the flames, and was quickly swallowed by the waves of the icy December sea. Some bodies of drowned victims were found after days, torn apart by evident shark bites. Nearly twenty people are missing, but the count of those missing is certainly more serious, considering the presence on board of many illegal immigrants.

In the tragedy – however – there were also scenes of altruism and heroism, as in the case of the Orthodox priest who generously helped many shipwrecked persons to climb the dangerous rope ladder thrown by the rescue ship to the lifeboat on which they stood, leaving the way to all families before falling into the sea and get lost forever; or the greek doctor, who still works in Italy, which remained on board the ferry up until the end, providing his assistance to fellow sufferers, or like some truck drivers who, at great personal risk, managed to hook the towing tugs cable to the Norman Atlantic.

A horror lived in long and intense measure, in extreme psychophysical and weather conditions, which left indelible marks inside all people escaped from death, diagnosed in terms of “post-traumatic stress disorder“, studied for the first time in World War I and Vietnam veterans, and then ascertained as a psychological pathology, typical of disaster survivors, as in the case of the collapse of the twin towers.

After two years we are still waiting for the closing stage of the preliminary investigation by the magistracy and experts appointed by the Criminal Court of Bari. A report that will hopefully shed some light on the many shadows that since the beginning we have emphasized, with regard to ship-owners, the carrier, crew, those who certified the ship but also – and above all – in the maritime great transportation system, where the law of profit – too often – seems to prevail over the safety rules and accident prevention.

Our team “Giustizia per Norman Atlantic” has represented so far about fifty people whose lives were devastated in various ways in the shipping incident, as passengers or as family members of victims or missing. Since the early days we were involved because of our experience in maritime disasters such as the sinking of the “Concordia” and “Jolly Nero“, and directly in the forefront we have provided (in person) assistance for immediate needs and to return home several families, support in the investigations on the DNA for the possible identification of missing persons, aid for the recover of the vehicles following the withdrawal of the vessel seizure (a year and a half after the accident), and then starting – on one hand – filing about 50 complaints and an intense work of investigations in the criminal proceedings – through our consultants and accessing the ship, and – on the other side – opening the negotiations with Anek & Visemar lawyers, in order to achieve a fair and honorable compensation in favor of our clients.

NORMAN ATLANTIC ΔΕΛΤΙΟ ΤΥΠΟΥ

Οι ανακριτικές διαδικασίες που αφορούν το τραγικό ναυάγιο του Norman Atlantic εισέρχονται πλέον, μετά από αρκετούς μήνες και χάρη στην πίεση που ασκήθηκε τόσο από τους πληρεξουσίους δικηγόρους θυμάτων και επιβατών όσο και από τον Ιταλικό τύπο (με σειρά επικριτικών δημοσιευμάτων), σε ουσιαστική και κρίσιμη για ην εξέλιξη της όλης διαδικασίας φάση.

Συγκεκριμένα όπως προκύπτει από το υπ. αριθ. 20598/14 έγγραφο του Δικαστηρίου του Bari (Τμήμα Προκαταρκτικής Έρευνας) εκδόθηκε ήδη και κοινοποιείται σε όλα τα εμπλεκόμενα μέρη (κατηγορούμενοι , μηνυτές κλπ.) ειδοποίηση για τη διεξαγωγή αποδεικτικής διαδικασίας/πραγματογνωμοσύνης για το πλοίο Norman Atlantic.

Συγκεκριμένα, η Δικαστής  Alessandra Piliego του Δικαστηρίου του Μπάρι, έχοντας λάβει το αίτημα του Εισαγγελέα προς διεξαγωγή πραγματογνωμοσύνης με σκοπό τη διερεύνηση της λειτουργικότητας του εξοπλισμού του πλοίου, τη συμμόρφωση με τους κανονισμούς ασφαλείας, το κλείσιμο των γκαράζ του πλοίου κατά τη διάρκεια του ταξιδιού, την έρευνα των αιτιών της πυρκαγιάς και της εξάπλωσής της, τον τρόπο με τον οποίο πραγματοποιήθηκε η εκκένωση και η διάσωση,

ΔΕΧΘΗΚΕ το αίτημα του Εισαγγελέως,

ΔΙΟΡΙΣΕ ομάδα 5 πραγματογνωμόνων (πολλοί από τους οποίους εκτέλεσαν χρέη πραγματογνώμονα και στην υπόθεση  του ναυαγίου του Costa Concordia) και

ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΣΕ την ανάθεση της πραγματογνωμοσύνης και τη σαφή διατύπωση των ερωτημάτων στα οποία θα κληθούν να απαντήσουν, στις 22.05.2015 στο Δικαστήριο του Μπάρι στις 9.30 π.μ.

Επίσης, διατάσσει την κοινοποίηση αυτού του εγγράφου σε όλα τα εμπλεκόμενα μέρη, περιλαμβανομένων και των επιβατών και μάλιστα (και) με δημόσιο τρόπο (δημοσίευση σε ιστότοπους κλπ.).

Οι δικηγόροι του pool Giustizia per Norman Atlantic με τους οποίους συνεργαζόμαστε στενά θα παραστούν στη σχετική ακρόαση εκπροσωπώντας τις οικογένειες θυμάτων και τους επιβάτες για τους οποίους έχουν ήδη υποβάλει μηνύσεις και θα καλέσουν εκ νέου ενώπιον του Δικαστηρίου τις εγκαλούμενες εταιρίες ΑΝΕΚ και VISEMAR να υποβάλουν επίσημα σοβαρές προτάσεις αποζημίωσης και χρηματικής ικανοποίησης των οικογενειών των θυμάτων και των επιβατών, ανταποκρινόμενες στις τραγικές συνθήκες του ατυχήματος , ενώ την επόμενη εβδομάδα (και πάντως πριν τις 22/05/2015) θα υποβάλουν εκ νέου αίτημα στον αρμόδιο Εισαγγελέα για τη λήψη δείγματος DNA από μέλη των οικογενειών αγνοουμένων του τραγικού ναυαγίου.

Επισημαίνεται ότι μετά την ολοκλήρωση της ως άνω πραγματογνωμοσύνης θα καταστεί δυνατή και η αναμενόμενη από καιρό επιστροφή στους επιβάτες του Norman Atlantic και όσων προσωπικών αντικειμένων και οχημάτων τους ανήκουν και δεν καταστράφηκαν από την εκδηλωθείσα το πλοίο πυρκαγιά.

                                                                                                 Κρίτων Μεταξόπουλος                                                                                               Δικηγόρος, LL.M.